A Facile and Green Construction of Biomimetic, Fluorine-free and Superhydrophobic Melamine Sponge with Magnetic-driven Function for Efficient Oil–water Separation and Oil Absorption

Inspired by nature, a superhydrophobic and magnetic melamine sponge (BFSM-MF) was fabricated by a one-step dip-coating method. Aiming at replacing nano-Fe 3 O 4 particles with a complex preparation process and high cost, the commercial and cheap Fe 3 O 4 originated from magnetite was employed as a magnetic substance. To acquire superhydrophobicity, the hierarchical mirco/nano-sized structure with low surface energy was mainly contributed by bonding hydrophobic Fe 3 O 4 and graphene with silicone resin onto the surface of the melamine sponge. The results demonstrated that the water and oil static contact angle values of BFSM-MF were 160° and 0°, revealing that BFSM-MF was superhydrophobic and super-oleophilic. Moreover, the self-cleaning ability, magnetic-driven oil absorption ability and continuous oil–water separation performance of BFSM-MF have also been evaluated. As expected, BFSM-MF possessed magnetic-driven oil absorption ability and the oil–water separation efficiency for light oil reaches 98% ± 1%. In addition, the adsorption capacity and recycling performance of different organic solvents were systematically investigated. Therefore, the development of biomimetic, fluorine-free and superhydrophobic foam with magnetic-driven effect has potential application value in marine oil spill treatment and separation of domestic oil pollution.