Synthesis of TiN–TiB2–hBN composite powders with a core-shell structure and preparation of bulk samples

TiN–TiB 2 –hBN composite powders were synthesized by a nitride boronizing process using TiN and amorphous boron as the raw materials, and the reaction process of TiN–B powder mixture was investigated by heat treatment at elevated temperatures. At 1400 °C in a vacuum, TiN–TiB 2 –hBN composite powders with a core-shell structure of layered hBN-wrapped TiB 2 were obtained, which can be used to prepare ceramic composites with excellent properties. The results showed that B atoms began to diffuse into TiN and replace the N atoms to form TiB 2 at high temperature; then, the substituted N escaped outwards, and upon contacted with B, formed hBN at the surface of the TiB 2 particles. The relative density, bending strength , and fracture toughness of the 70 vol% TiN–17.6 vol% TiB 2 –12.4 vol% hBN (TB73) composite prepared by reactive sintering were 98.90%, 521 MPa, and 4.22 MPa m 1/2 , respectively, which were much higher than that of fabricated via conventional method (TBN73: 88.02%, 198 MPa, and 2.58 MPa m 1/2 ).