Extraction and purification of pedunculoside from the dried barks of Ilex rotunda using crystallization combined with polyamide column chromatography

An efficient and low-cost method was developed for the preparation of pedunculoside from the dried barks of Ilex rotunda using crystallization combined with polyamide column chromatography. The kinetics of ethanol extraction was first evaluated and then the extract was concentrated to remove ethanol. Pedunculoside was partially crystallized after ethanol removal and those left in solution were further separated by polyamide column chromatography. To optimize the operating parameters for chromatography, the static and dynamic adsorption/desorption experiments were conducted. The purity of pedunculoside in the product increased to 85.69%, with an overall yield of 66.71%. The extraction and purification method developed herein provides a reference standard and can be used as the starting material for further studies.