Effect of magnetic graphene oxide on cellular behaviors and osteogenesis under a moderate static magnetic field

The biological behaviors of magnetic graphene oxide (MGO) in a static magnetic field (SMF) are unknown. The current study is to investigate the cellular behaviors, osteogenesis and the mechanism in BMSCs treated with MGO combined with an SMF. Results showed that the synthetic MGO particles were bio-compatible and could significantly improve the osteogenesis of BMSCs under SMFs, as verified by elevated alkaline phosphatase activity, mineralized nodule formation, and expressions of mRNA and protein levels. Under SMF at the same intensity, the addition of graphene oxide to Fe 3 O 4 could increase the osteogenic ability of BMSCs. The Wnt/β-catenin pathway was indicated to be related to the MGO-driven osteogenic behavior of the BMSCs under SMF. Taken together, our findings suggested that MGO under an SMF could promote osteogenesis in BMSCs through the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and hence should attract more attention for practical applications in bone tissue regeneration.