Preparation and Application of β-Cyclodextrin Functionalised Graphene Oxide-Grafted Silica Sorbents for Solid-Phase Extraction (SPE) of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons from Fried Food Using a Box-Behnken Design

A β-cyclodextrin functionalised graphene oxide-grafted silica (β-CD@GO/SiO 2 ) sorbent was synthesised and used as a solid-phase extraction (SPE) sorbent for the extraction of trace polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from fried food extract. The prepared β-CD@GO/SiO 2 was characterised using Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR) and elemental analysis (EA). Compared with graphene oxide-grafted silica (GO/SiO 2 ), the β-CD@GO/SiO 2 had better extraction selectivity for 4- to 5-ring PAHs, which benefitted from the size complementarity between β-CD@GO/SiO 2 and PAHs arising from the introduction of β-CD. In addition, the results of selective extraction were confirmed by theoretical calculation. Following single-factor experiments, response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimise extraction and elution parameters. Under the optimal conditions, a method was developed to combine the SPE technique with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Linear ranges of 1–100 and 0.3–100 μg L −1 with correlation coefficients ( R 2 ) ranging from 0.9980 to 0.9995 were obtained. Limits of detection were in the range of 0.1–0.3 μg L −1 . The intra-day and inter-day precisions were less than 3.9 and 5.5%, respectively. In addition, the method was successfully applied to determine PAHs in fried food with satisfactory spiked recoveries.