Removal of lead ions by two FeMn oxide substrate adsorbents

Lead pollution has become a global concern due to its ubiquity and persistence. This study describes two Fe Mn oxide substrate adsorbents, namely, Fe Mn binary oxides (FMBO) and mesoporous Fe Mn binary oxide (MFMBO) covered with tannic acid film (FMBO@TA-Fe 3+ and MFMBO@TA-Fe 3+ ), for the treatment of Pb 2+ in water. The characterization results showed that TA was successfully coated onto the surfaces of FMBO and MFMBO. The maximum capacities of Pb 2+ on FMBO@TA-Fe 3+ and MFMBO@TA-Fe 3+ were 322.08 and 357.14 mg g −1 , respectively, which were twice those of FMBO and MFMBO. The adsorption of Pb 2+ on the adsorbents was a spontaneous, endothermic process with increasing disorder through thermodynamics studies. An overall mechanism was proposed for Pb 2+ adsorption, the improved adsorption performance of FMBO@TA-Fe 3+ and MFMBO@TA-Fe 3+ is ascribed to the mesoporous characteristics and the introduction of hydroxyl groups. Further investigation indicated the adsorption of Pb 2+ could be attributed to electrostatic interactions on FMBO@TA-Fe 3+ and MFMBO@TA-Fe 3+ , and cation exchange existed through the formation of these internal surface complexes. The Pb 2+ -loaded adsorbents could be effectively desorbed in a dilute hydrochloric acid solution, promoting recycling and reuse of the regenerated adsorbents. These results warrant the promising application of FMBO@TA-Fe 3+ and MFMBO@TA-Fe 3+ for the removal of Pb 2+ , and this work first proposed TA film-modified FMBO and MFMBO to improve its adsorption capacity in the application of environmental remediation.