Fabrication and Characterization of Porous Core–Shell Graphene/SiO2 Nanocomposites for the Removal of Cationic Neutral Red Dye

Porous rGO/SiO2nanocomposites with a “core-shell” structure were prepared as an efficient adsorbent for the liquid-phase adsorption of cationic neutral red (NR) dye. The samples were characterized with powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman spectroscopy, and N2and water vapor adsorption/desorption methods. The NR removal ability and kinetics of the adsorption process of SiO2and the rGO/SiO2nanocomposites were investigated at 298 K. The rGO/SiO2nanocomposite SG 0.30 showed a superior adsorption of NR dye. In regard to NR at pH 5, we measured a superior adsorption capacity of 66.635 mg/g at an initial NR concentration of 50 mg/L. The experimental adsorption capacity of SG 0.30 was 3.791 times higher than that of SiO2. Then, we compared the results with similar materials used for NR removal. Moreover, the water adsorption sites provided by the nitrogen- and oxygen-containing groups might be one of the reasons for the increased adsorption of water vapor. The broad range of properties of the rGO/SiO2nanocomposite, including its simple synthesis, ability to be mass prepared, and strong adsorption properties, makes it a truly novel adsorbent that can be industrially produced, and shows potential application in the treatment of wastewater-containing dyes.Keywords:graphene;Silica;carbon-materials;nanocomposite;neutral red;surface modification;adsorption;Water Vapor Adsorption