Isolation and lipidomics characterization of fatty acids and phospholipids in shrimp waste through GC/FID and HILIC-QTrap/MS

Shrimp waste contains a large number of bioactive lipids for preparing functional foods. In this study, a 1,2-dichloroethane based method for extracting phospholipids from shrimp waste was developed. The number of phospholipids recovered by 1,2-dichloroethane/methanol at a ratio of 1:2 (v/v) was 10.97 g/100 g, which was comparable with the performance of conventional methods. The lipidomics profile of the extract from shrimp waste was studied through gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC/FID) and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography coupled to QTrap mass spectrometry (HILIC-QTrap/MS) to reveal the effect of different extraction methods on the selectivity of lipids. It was found that the lipid extracts using different methods showed significant variation, while the diversity and percentage of each molecular species were generally the same. Besides, a large number of health beneficial dietary ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) structured phospholipids were detected, which indicated that shrimp waste was an important source with significant nutritional values.