Microfluidic fabrication of hierarchically porous superconductive carbon black/graphene hybrid fibers for wearable supercapacitor with high specific capacitance

The growing demands for wearable, portable, and flexible textile electronics have attracted enormous attention in this field and technology. Herein, we put forward a controllable method of microfluidic fabrication strategy to synthesize superconductive carbon black/graphene composite fibers (SCB/GFs). The SCB/GFs demonstrate large specific surface areas (296.236 m 2 g −1 , average pore size of 2.6 nm), high electrical conductivity (22316 S m −1 ), and good mechanical flexibility. Moreover, a flexible supercapacitor (CGSC) assembled by SCB/GFs is successfully manufactured. As expected, the CGSCs display outstanding electrochemical performances, including large specific capacitance (volume capacitance, 176.6 F cm −3 , mass capacitance, 241.8 F g −1 ), high energy densities (5.6 mWh cm −3 ), and superior long-period cyclic stability (92.6% retention after 10000 charge-discharge cycles). Based on these excellent performance, we further employ the assembled CGSCs coated with organic ionic liquid electrolyte (EMIMBF 4 /PVDF/DMF) to power an electronic timer and some light emission diode lamps when it is completely charged, exhibiting the enormous capability as highly effective electrode materials for energy storage devices.