A chemo-sensor constructed by nanohybrid of multifarene[3,3] and rGO for serotonin hydrochloride with dual response in both fluorescence and voltammetry

Fluorescence and electrochemical response of multifarene[3,3](S) to serotonin hydrochloride and its quantitative measurement by hybridization on the surface of reduced graphene oxide were investigated. The fluorescence titration suggested the formation of host–guest complex in a radio of 1:1, and the moderate association constants of (1.7 ± 0.3) × 10 4 M (in DMSO) and (2.7 ± 0.2) × 10 4 M (in water) were obtained by non-linear curve fitting, which implied the supramolecular interaction could be irrelevant to the species of solvents. Furthermore, the hybridization of multifarene[3,3](S) with reduced graphene oxide improved the response to serotonin hydrochloride in both fluorescence and voltammetry, which was employed to realize the quantitative analysis for the drug, and a low limit of detection of 3.9 × 10 −7 M was found for determination in the real simple of human serum.