“French fries”-like luminescent metal organic frameworks for the fluorescence determination of cytochrome c released by apoptotic cells and screening of anticancer drug activity

A luminescent metal organic framework was prepared by encapsulating Zn–Ag–In–S quantum dots into “French fries”-like MIL-68(In) metal organic frameworks (ZAISQDs@MIL-68(In)). The ZAISQDs@MIL-68(In) had a maximum excitation wavelength at 370 nm and maximum emission wavelength at 620 nm. It was found that the ZAISQDs@MIL-68(In) was efficiently quenched by cytochrome c (Cyt c), which is an important biomarker of early cell apoptosis. The quenching mechanism was ascribed to be an inner filter effect and dynamic quenching of Cyt c towards the ZAISQDs@MIL-68(In), and the enrichment effect of MIL-68(In). Benefiting from the multiple advantages, ZAISQDs@MIL-68(In) was developed as an assay strategy of Cyt c with logarithmic relation between signal quenching and concentration in the range 0.02 to 3.5 μM. The linear equation was (F 0 –F)/F 0  = 0.5043 + 0.2678 × logc Cyt c with a detection limit of 8 nM. Cyt c released by drug induced apoptotic cells was determined by ZAISQDs@MIL-68(In), and this strategy has been utilized for the screening of anticancer drug activity. Schematic representation of the synthesis of ZAISQDs@MIL-68(In) and its application for Cyt c and screening anticancer drug activity