Heparin-platinum nanozymes with enhanced oxidase-like activity for the colorimetric sensing of isoniazid

In this study, a colorimetric sensing assay of isoniazid based on excellent oxidase-like activity of heparin sodium stabilized platinum nanoparticles (HS-PtNPs) has been demonstrated. The newly prepared HS-PtNPs exhibit a great dispersion with an average size distribution of 4.8 ± 0.6 nm, and maintain more than 90% catalytic activity under strong acid and alkali or long-term storage conditions, indicating a robust nanomaterial with attractive potential. The HS-PtNPs show distinct oxidase-like activity with an ultrahigh affinity ( Km  = 0.01012 mM) for 3, 3′, 5, 5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB). More significantly, we found that the pyridine ring of isoniazid has a strong reductive hydrazyl substitution, which can compete with TMB for the catalytic site of HS-PtNPs resulting in a colorless solution. Accordingly, a colorimetric sensing of isoniazid was fabricated. A linear relationship for isoniazid was achieved in 2.5 × 10 −6 to 2.5 × 10 −4  M (R 2  = 0.998) with a low limit of detection 1.7 × 10 −6  M (S/N = 3). Recovery experiments in drug tablets show that the standard recovery rates were 95%–103%. The quantitative detection data for isoniazid in drug tablets calculated respectively from the standard method and this method exhibited a high correlation coefficient (a slope of 0.9995), suggesting that high accuracy in isoniazid detection.