Solubility and thermodynamic modeling of cis-5-norbornene-exo-2,3-dicarboxylic anhydride in three binary solvents (1,4-dioxane, DMF, NMP + ethanol) from 278.15 K to 323.15 K

In this work, solubility of cis-5-norbornene-exo-2,3-dicarboxylic anhydride (himic anhydride) in binary solvents of (1,4-dioxane, DMF, NMP + ethanol) was experimentally determined by the gravimetric method ranged from 278.15 K to 323.15 K under 0.1 MPa. It was found that solubility of himic anhydride increased with elevating temperature while decreased as the mass fraction of ethanol increased. Solubility order of himic anhydride in three binary solvents was interpreted by comparing the interaction energy ( E inter ) between solute and binary solvents based on density function theory (DFT). Experimental solubility in binary solvents was correlated by the Two-Suffix Margules, NRTL, Wilson, uniquac and Jouyban-Acree-modified Apelblat (J-A-A) model. The Wilson, NRTL, uniquac and Two-Suffix Margules model are suitable to correlate the experimental solubility. Moreover, thermodynamic properties of dissolution process (Δ dis G , Δ dis S , Δ dis H , Δ mix G , Δ mix S , Δ mix H , H 1 E , ∞ , ln γ 1 and ln γ 1 ∞ ) were calculated by the Wilson equation. The dissolution process and mixing process of himic anhydride in selected binary solvents are entropy-positive.