On-off-on fluorescent carbon dots from waste tea: Their properties, antioxidant and selective detection of CrO42−, Fe3+, ascorbic acid and L-cysteine in real samples

In this work, we reported an economical plant-based hydrothermal method for one-pot green synthesis of water-soluble carbon dots (Tea-CDs) by using waste tea extract as a carbon source. The synthesized Tea-CDs were characterized by UV–visible, fluorescence, FT-IR, TEM, XPS and XRD. The Tea-CDs were found to remove hydroxyl and superoxide anion radical in vitro. In addition, the Tea-CDs exhibited bright blue fluorescence under UV-light (λ ex  = 365 nm), and the fluorescence could be effectively quenched by CrO 4 2− and Fe 3+ ions. Meanwhile, the fluorescence of Tea-CDs-CrO 4 2− and Tea-CDs-Fe 3+ systems could be again easily recovered by ascorbic acid (AA) and L-cysteine (L-Cys). As an on-off-on fluorescent nano-sensor of the Tea-CDs, the sensitive detection of CrO 4 2− , Fe 3+ , AA and L-Cys were all performed, showing that the good linear relationships between fluorescence intensity of Tea-CDs and concentration of all testing samples. Finally, the sensors successfully detected CrO 4 2− , Fe 3+ , AA and L-Cys in commercially available real samples with satisfactory recovery ranges. The prepared sensors offer distinct advantages including low cost, simple handling, good sensitivity and high selectivity.