The metabolism of a natural product mogroside V, in healthy and type 2 diabetic rats

Mogroside V, a natural compound isolated from the fruits of Siraitia grosvenorii (Swingle), is a promising candidate for anti-diabetic activity. The present study aims to develop a simple and practical strategy for comparing the in vivo metabolite profiling of mogroside V in healthy and type 2 diabetic (T2D) model rats. In this paper, a highly sensitive and rapid ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS) with MetaboLynx™ software combined with mass defect filtering (MDF) method was established and successfully applied to detect and identify the metabolites in plasma, urine, bile and feces samples of healthy and model rats administrated with mogroside V. The distribution of metabolites in plasma, bile, urine and feces of healthy and model rats had obvious differences. A total of 23 metabolites were observed in healthy rats while 26 metabolites were detected in model rats. The results indicated that dehydrogenation , deoxidation , oxidation and isomerization were the major metabolic transformations of mogroside V. Additionally, it was noticed that the peak areas of metabolites in T2D rat plasma samples were much larger than those of metabolites in healthy rat plasma sample, whereas in T2D rat urine samples they were remarkably smaller compared with healthy rat urine sample. These high blood concentrations of metabolites might be beneficial for the treatment of T2D. The results of this study are valuable and important in understanding the metabolic process and therapeutic mechanism of mogroside V.