Substrate-anchored solid solution catalysts for high density SWNTs growth

A novel substrate-anchored catalyst, solid solution, was developed, which experienced the annealing treatment of the single crystal MgO substrates with Co species deposited. The formation of specific structure on MgO surface and sub-surface makes Co catalysts anchored. Subsequent H 2 reduction treatment continuously released fresh active catalysts from this anchored special structure for SWNTs nucleation and growth. This gradual releasing behavior provides more catalytic opportunities to nucleate and realizes high density SWNTs growth.