Vortex-Assisted Liquid-Liquid Micro-extraction Followed by Head Space Solid Phase Micro-extraction for the Determination of Eugenol in Fish Using GC-MS

Vortex-assisted liquid-liquid micro-extraction (VALLME) was applied for eliminating the matrix effect and improving the sensitivity of eugenol determination by headspace solid phase micro-extraction (HS-SPME) coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS) in fish samples. Under the optimum condition of VALLME and HS-SPME, the good linearity of eugenol in fish samples was obtained in the range from 15.0 to 750.0 μg/kg. The limit of detection (LOD) and the limit of quantification (LOQ) for eugenol were 0.5 and 1.5 μg/kg, respectively. The recovery of eugenol was ranging from 95.4 to 119.9% and the relative standard deviation (RSD %) for eugenol was lower than 20%. The results turned out that VALLME followed HS-SPME-GC-MS was a simple, rapid, and accurate method for the determination of eugenol in fish samples. The levels of eugenol in different parts of real samples were tested by the developed method, and the results concluded that the developed method was compatible with GC-MS analysis with long-term application and had excellent repeatability, linearity, and sensitivity.