Effects of apigenin pretreatment against renal ischemia/reperfusion injury via activation of the JAK2/STAT3 pathway

The aim of our study is to investigate the protective effect of apigenin and the role of the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway in renal ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) in rats. For in vivo experiments, rat kidneys were subjected to 45   min of ischemia , followed by 24   h of reperfusion. The kidneys were pretreated for 24   h with apigenin (4   mg/kg) intraperitoneally in the absence or presence of the JAK2 kinase-specific inhibitor AZD1480 (30   mg/kg). The serum creatinine and urea nitrogen levels were analyzed. Histologic examinations were evaluated. Expression of p-JAK2, p-STAT3, Bcl-2, Bax and Caspase-3 was detected by immunohistochemistry or western blot . For In vitro experiments, NRK-52E cells were exposed to I/R in the absence or presence of apigenin and JAK2 siRNA was used to explore JAK2/STAT3 activity. Cell viability , cell apoptosis and expression of p-JAK2, p-STAT3, Bcl-2, Bax and Caspase-3 were examined in NRK-52E culture after I/R. Consequently, apigenin conferred a renoprotective effect on the kidneys against IRI, as evidenced by decreased serum creatinine and urea nitrogen, mitigated renal histologic damage, improved NRK-52E cell viability and a decreased apoptotic index, including up-regulation of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and down-regulation of the pro-apoptotic proteins Bax and Caspase3. However, AZD1480 and JAK2 siRNA blocked the apigenin-mediated renoprotective effects by attenuating the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway as well as abolished the effect of anti-oxidative stress and anti-apoptosis of apigenin. Our study demonstrates that apigenin pretreatment can protect against renal IRI via the activation of the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway.