Novel Dendrimerlike Magnetic Biosorbent Based on Modified Orange Peel Waste: Adsorption–Reduction Behavior of Arsenic

In this work, a novel porous biosorbent (HF-D) based on orange peel (OP) was prepared by an efficient and simple method. The prepared HF-D showed well-ordered dendrimerlike structures and remarkable adsorption performance for the removal of arsenic. Particularly, morphology and structure details proved that the dendrimerlike structure was formed by surrounding the crystal iron nanoparticles with amorphous carbon. Furthermore, the influence of various environmental factors (initial pH, coexisting inorganic ions, humic substances, etc.) on the adsorption of As(V) was investigated. An extraordinary As(V) adsorption capacity (81.3 mg/g) has been observed when the Fe/biomass ratio was 10 wt %. Adsorption and characterization data proved that the behavior of As(V) on HF-D was an adsorption–reduction process, including complex adsorption and inner reduction. In addition, the adsorption kinetics and isotherms were analyzed. The regeneration and application in groundwater solution of the prepared HF-D were discussed. This study not only provides an efficient biosorbent for removing arsenic but also a low cost and environmentally friendly method for synthesizing porous biomass based materials.