Ionogel-Based Ionic Liquid Coating for Solid-Phase Microextraction of Organophosphorus Pesticides from Wine and Juice Samples

In this work, a novel fiber coating was prepared by using a hybrid material of silica-based ionogels and ionic liquid 1-hexadecyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifuluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([C 16 MIM][NTf 2 ]). Instead of chemical bonding to sol-gel matrix, high loadings of [C 16 MIM][NTf 2 ] was confined into the network of silica-based ionogels and thus, the extraction efficiency was significantly improved. The prepared fiber was used for solid-phase microextraction (SPME) of four organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) from wine and juice samples prior to gas chromatography coupled with flame photometric detection. Under the optimized conditions, the proposed method results in good linearity ( R 2  > 0.9991), with low method detection limits (MDLs, S / N  = 3) and method quantification limits (MQLs, S / N  = 10) in the range of 0.57–4.13 and 1.89–13.76 ng L −1 , respectively. The precisions of the method were assessed with repeatability and reproducibility of RSD% ˂28 and ˂23%, respectively. The spiked recoveries of OPPs from wine and juice samples were in the range of 54 ± 5–118 ± 20 and 56 ± 14–109±12%, at two different concentration levels. The expanded uncertainties at 1 μg L −1 were below 20% for target OPPs in all selected samples.