Electrochemiluminescence bipolar electrode array for the multiplexed detection of glucose, lactate and choline based on a versatile enzymatic approach

A simple, efficient and versatile biosensing platform capable of the multiplexed detection for glucose, lactate and choline was developed by the integration of bipolar electrochemistry and electrochemiluminescence (ECL) imaging. The sensing bipolar electrodes (BPEs) were simply modified via a one-step method adaptable to different enzymes. The biorecognition event happening between the substrate and the corresponding enzyme could be directly reported by the ECL emitted on the same pole from luminol and in situ generated H 2 O 2 . Under optimized conditions, the BPEs array was successfully applied for the determination of glucose, lactate and choline in the ranges of 0.01–1   mM, 0.01–1   mM and 0.02–5   mM, with the LOD of 7.57   μM, 8.25   μM and 43.19   μM, respectively. Owing to the improved stability of in situ generated H 2 O 2 , a whole series of analytes testing could be completed in the same BPE biochip. Subsequently, an array chip consisting of nine BPEs enabled the concomitant detection of glucose, lactate and choline, demonstrating the capability for multifunctional detection of biomolecules. This versatile analytical system could be easily extended to sensitive screening in a miniaturized device and point of care testing.