Preparing Co3O4 urchin-like hollow microspheres self-supporting architecture for improved glucose biosensing performance

A new Co 3 O 4 electrode material with self-supporting urchin-like hollow microspheres structure was fabricated via a self-assembly method. Incorporating the adsorption and entrapment, the high porosity and large surface area were favorable for the highly effective immobilization of glucose oxidases . Multiple responses, consisting of enzymatic and material catalysis, were subsequently employed and achieved on the microsphere surface. As the radially oriented nanowires array provided a vast number of catalytic active sites, which lowered the energy barrier of glucose redox and acted as a media to boost the electron transfer, the detection potential was largely decreased. Furthermore, numerous electron transport paths in a short distance were formed among the interconnected bridge-like nanowires, resulting in improved electron transfer efficiency. The prepared glucose biosensor exhibited extra high sensitivity (102.77   μA   mM −1   cm −2 ), fast response (3   s) and outstanding selectivity and stability at a lower applied potential (0.35   V).