A novel ECL sensor for determination of carcinoembryonic antigen using reduced graphene Oxide-BaYF5:Yb, Er upconversion nanocomposites and gold nanoparticles

We reported a novel ECL immunosensor for detection of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) based on the reduced graphene Oxide-BaYF 5 :Yb, Er (rGO-BaYF 5 :Yb, Er) nanocomposites. The rGO-BaYF 5 :Yb, Er nanocomposites, used as electrode luminescence materials, were prepared by in situ hydrothermal method, and characterized by TEM, XRD, UV–vis spectra, and upconversion fluorescence spectra. Further, poly (diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA), Au nanoparticles (AuNPs), and Anti-CEA were successively assembled on the surface of rGO-BaYF 5 :Yb, Er nanocomposites modified-electrode for fabricating ECL immunosensor. The results of the ECL measurements of CEA indicated that this novel ECL immunosensor exhibited high sensitive response to CEA in a linear range of 0.001–80   ng   mL −1 with a low detection limit of 0.87   pg   mL −1 , good selectivity and satisfactory stability.