Hepatoprotective Triterpene Saponins from the Roots of Glycyrrhiza inflata

Two novel oleanane-type triterpene saponins, licorice-saponin P2 (1) and licorice-saponin Q2 (3), together with nine known compounds2,4–11, have been isolated from the water extract of the roots ofGlycyrrhiza inflata. The structures of these compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis, including 2D-NMR experiments (1H–1H COSY, HSQC, HMBC and ROESY). Inin vitroassays, compounds2–4,6and11showed significant hepatoprotective activities by lowering the ALT and AST levels in primary rat hepatocytes injured by D-galactosamine (D-GalN). In addition, compounds2–4,6,7and11were found to inhibit the activity of PLA2with IC50values of 6.9 μM, 3.6 μM, 16.9 μM, 27.1 μM, 32.2 μM and 9.3 μM, respectively, which might be involved in the regulation of the hepatoprotective activities observed.Keywords:Glycyrrhiza inflate;genusGlycyrrhiza;triterpene saponin;hepatoprotective;phospholipase A2