Ultrasonic Fenton-like catalytic degradation of bisphenol A by ferroferric oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles prepared from steel pickling waste liquor

In this study, Fe 3 O 4 NPs (named as Fe 3 O 4 NPs-PO) were prepared by steel pickling waste liquor to reduce the cost of preparation, and were compared with those obtained by the common co-precipitation method (named as Fe 3 O 4 NPs-CP) which prepared from chemical reagent using BET, XRD, XPS, TEM and SEM techniques. The results indicated that Fe 3 O 4 NPs-PO nanoparticles mainly existed in the form of Fe 3 O 4 and appeared to be roughly spherical in shape with a size range of 20–50   nm. The heterogeneous Fenton-like catalytic capacity of Fe 3 O 4 NPs-PO in US   +   Fe 3 O 4   +   H 2 O 2 system was comprehensively investigated. BPA could be degraded within a wide pH range of 7–10. The removal efficiencies of BPA were close to 100% and about 45% total organic carbon (TOC) in solution was eliminated at the optimized conditions. It was found that· OH radicals which mainly caused the degradation of BPA were promptly generated due to the catalysis of the Fe 3 O 4 NPs-PO. Furthermore, the comparative study of catalytic activity, stability and reusability between Fe 3 O 4 NPs-PO and Fe 3 O 4 NPs-CP showed that the two catalysts both remained good activity after several reaction cycles and no significant change in composition and structure was observed, the loss of catalyst was negligible, which demonstrated that Fe 3 O 4 NPs-PO were promising in ultrasonic Fenton-like process to treat refractory organics.