Preparation and Characterization of Biological Non-toxic Hybrid Nanoparticles Based on Lactide and Poly(ethylene glycol) Loading Docetaxel for Anticancer Drug Delivery

Hybrid nanoparticles based on lactide and poly(ethylene glycol) were composed of a copolymer , poly(2-amino,1,3-propanediol carbonic ester-co-lactide) [P(LA-co-CA)], and a graft copolymer , poly(2-amino,1,3-propanediol carbonic ester-co- l -lactide)-g-methoxy-poly(ethylene glycol) [P(LA-co-CA)-mPEG]. The hybrid nanoparticles were prepared using emulsion solvent diffusion method. The copolymer of poly(2-benzyloxy amide,1,3-propanediol carbonic ester-co-lactide) was prepared using ring-opening polymerization with diethylzinc (ZnEt 2 ) as a catalyst, and then took off benzyl oxygen group to obtain P(LA-co-CA). P(LA-co-CA)-mPEG by grafting methoxy-PEG-propionaldehyde (mPEG-ALD) on P(LA-co-CA). With docetaxel as a model drug, the morphology of nanoparticles was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the size and size distribution were determined by dynamic light scattering (DLS). The size of DTX-loaded particle was approximately 110   nm. The size scale prevents them from uptake by the reticulo-endothelial system and accumulation at the target site through the enhanced permeability and retention effect. In MTT assay, the results showed that the polymers are non-cytotoxic. The study points to the potential application of the composite nanoparticles in biomedical applications, including tissue engineering and controlled drug delivery.