Inkjet-printed flexible organic thin-film thermoelectric devices based on p- and n-type poly(metal 1,1,2,2-ethenetetrathiolate)s/polymer composites through ball-milling

In this article, we put forward a simple method for the synthesis of thermoelectric (TE) composite materials. Both n- and p-type composites were obtained by ball-milling the insoluble and infusible metal coordination polymers with other polymer solutions. The particle size, film morphology and composition were characterized by dynamic light scattering, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The TE properties of the drop-cast composite film were measured at different temperatures. An inkjet-printed flexible device was fabricated and the output voltage and short-circuit current at various hot-side temperatures (Thot) and temperature gradients (ΔT) were tested. The composite material not only highly maintained the TE properties of the pristine material but also greatly improved its processability. This method can be extended to other insoluble and infusible TE materials for solution-processed flexible TE devices.