Graphene nanostructures with plasma-polymerized pyrrole as an adsorbent layer for biosensors

We report on a novel nanoarchitecture for use in highly bioactive electrochemical biosensors. It consists of multilayers of nanostructured plasma-polymerized pyrrole (ppPY) and nanosheets of electrically conductive graphene. The ppPY films were deposited by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition on a graphene surface to form nanostructured composites (G-ppPY). The G-ppPY films were then coated with protein (BSA as a model) by adsorption, and then with DNA. The adsorption of protein and DNA on the nanocomposite was studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and with a quartz crystal microbalance. Results demonstrated that the adsorption of biomolecules on G-ppPY films causes a higher variation in its electrochemical properties and adsorbed amount than that on a plain ppPY surface. This indicates that the presence of graphene can enhance the electrochemical activity of ppPY without reducing the sensitivity of biomolecular adsorption. A novel nanoarchitecture is developed for use in highly bioactive electrochemical biosensors, which is composed of multilayers of nanostructured plasma-polymerized pyrrole and electrically conductive graphene nanosheets. The presence of graphene can enhance the electrochemical activity of ppPY without reducing the sensitivity of biomolecular adsorption.