Determination of absolute photoionization cross-sections of oxygenated hydrocarbons

The near-threshold absolute photoionization cross-sections of 12 oxygenated hydrocarbons, including 1-butanol, 2-butanol, iso -butanol, tert -butanol, 1-pentanol, tert -pentanol, iso -pentanol, methyl tert -butyl ether (MTBE), ethyl tert -butyl ether (ETBE), furan, 2-methylfuran, 2,5-dimethylfuran, were measured in the photon energy range from respective ionization thresholds to 11.5   eV. The experiments were performed with photoionization mass spectrometry and tunable synchrotron vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) light. Binary-liquid-mixtures of the investigated sample and benzene were used in the measurements where benzene acts as a calibration standard, due to its well known photoionization cross-section at the photon energies from its ionization energy (9.24   eV) to 11.5   eV. Photodissociative fragments from the molecules were also observed, and their photodissociation cross-sections are also presented.