A dual-network hydrogel patch fabricated by alginate/sulfobetaine methacrylate enriched with Dictyophora indusiata β-glucans promotes diabetic wound repair

This study developed a dual-network hydrogel patch loaded with Dictyophora indusiata β-glucans to enhance diabetic wound healing. The hydrogel combines a flexible primary network formed by polymerized sulfobetaine methacrylate with a rigid secondary alginate network crosslinked via metal ions. The resulting material demonstrates favorable mechanical properties for wound care, achieving 600 % elongation at break, 3.12 MPa compressive strength, and 1.5 kPa tissue adhesion strength. These characteristics meet with the physical requirements necessary for effective diabetic wound management. Furthermore, the β-glucans derived from Dictyophora indusiata , which serve as the main bioactive component, endowed the hydrogel patch with significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Cellular experiments have demonstrated that the hydrogel patch significantly reduces reactive oxygen species levels in cells and inhibits inflammatory responses. In animal wound model, diabetic wound treated with a hydrogel patch achieved a closure rate of 98.26 % by the second week. Additionally, histological analyses revealed that the hydrogel patch significantly facilitates angiogenesis, collagen deposition, and re-epithelialization in diabetic wound. Consequently, the hydrogel patch based on β-glucans from Dictyophora indusiata appears to be an effective agent for promoting wound healing, thereby offering a novel therapeutic strategy for the repair of diabetic wound.