Adsorption of dinotefuran using TpBDMe COF nanoparticles for soil leaching reduction and bee safety

Dinotefuran (DIN) contaminates groundwater and is toxic to bees, so designing a novel pesticide loading system for dinotefuran is of great significance. In this paper, dinotefuran was loaded into TpBDMe COF with a mesoporous hollow structure, and the TpBDMe COF loaded with dinotefuran exhibited initial burst and subsequent sustained release behavior. The results showed that the product effectively suppresses wheat aphid development, with virtually no infestation occurring for 7–14 days, whereas other commercially available formulation had lost their usefulness. Our TpBDMe COF carrier effectively immobilizes dinotefuran, reducing pesticide leaching in soil by 70 % and enhancing the application efficiency of neonicotinoid insecticides. The LD 50 of this product for acute exposure of honey bees doubled the LD50 of the original furosemide at 24 h and was equally effective at 48 h, reducing the toxicity to bees and promoting ecological safety. The results of this work show that this nanocarrier system is highly stable, loadable, insecticidal active, and environmentally friendly, showing great potential in the development of new nanocarriers for use.