Aromatic copolyesters with tunable dielectric and thermal properties enabled by aryl building blocks

Polymer dielectric materials in high-frequency communication applications needs to meet strict requirements, and the future development trend is high performance and environmental friendly materials. Herein, we propose a design strategy for simultaneously adjusting multiple performances by building blocks (naphthyl, diphenyl ether , and phenyl). The synthesized copolyester containing phenylene ether structures exhibits good comprehensive properties, including high thermal stability (the temperature at 5 wt% weight loss, 475–495 °C) and inherent flame retardancy (limiting oxygen index 37.8 %∼40.1 %, UL-94 V-0 level), low water absorption (0.16 %∼0.46 %), low dielectric constant (3.04–3.31 @10 GHz) and low dielectric loss (0.0020–0.0028 @10 GHz). The crankshaft naphthyl and bent diphenyl ether structures together change the free volume or spacing of polymer chains, thereby effectively affecting the density or motility of the polarizable groups. These aromatic structures also possess high charring-ability, thus enabling the polymers with the inherent high flame retardancy. Since only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen elements are introduced into the copolyesters, it supplies a solving approach to eliminate the potential chemical concern arising from introducing heteroatoms such as halogen or phosphorus into polymers.