Bio-Inspired Self-Healing Silicon Anodes: Harnessing Tea Polyphenols to Enhance Lithium-Ion Battery Performance

This study introduces an anode material for lithium-ion batteries, achieved by integrating tea polyphenols (TP) with the widely utilized polyacrylic acid (PAA) binder. The composite material capitalizes on the intrinsic self-healing properties of TP, enhancing the anode’s durability and adhesiveness without the need for additional organic synthesis. The incorporation of TP has been demonstrated to significantly elevate ionic conductivity and expedite lithium ion diffusion, thereby reducing interfacial resistance and decelerating the rate of capacity fade due to electrolyte decomposition and silicon particle expansion. Employing a comprehensive analytical toolkit, including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, peel strength measurements, and density functional theory calculations, we elucidated the physicochemical properties of the Si@PAA-TP anode. The anode’s electrochemical performance was systematically assessed through galvanostatic charge–discharge, cyclic voltammetry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, with scanning electron microscopy providing insights into postcycling mechanical property alterations. This research advances a cost-effective, high-performance adhesive strategy for silicon anodes and contributes to the development.