Design and development of nanoselenium-ruthenium/collagen-loaded multifunctional injectable hydrogel delivery for promising treatment of myocardial infarction

Myocardial infarction, commonly known as a heart attack, is the irreversible necrosis of heart muscle secondary to prolonged ischemia. In this study, we developed multifunctional injectable hydrogel for promising treatment of myocardial infarction that combination with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and nanoselenium-ruthenium (Se-Ru NPs)-loaded collagen (COL)/hyaluronic acid (HA) (termed as Hydrogel). Efficient analytical and spectroscopic methods systematically analyzed the physicochemical analysis of developed Se-Ru NPs. In vitro biocompatibility of rat cardiomyoblast (H9c2) assay showed that hydrogel has excellent cell viability, as determined by CCK-8 and LDH assays, which defined the appropriate use of hydrogels for MI therapy. The migration assay displayed ∼95% migration for Hydrogel/Se-Ru@MSCs compared to the rest of the groups on the H9c2 cells. The study demonstrated that Hydrogel/Se-Ru@MSCs exhibited a 4-fold decrease of inflammatory marker expressions than LPS-induced H9c2 and RAW 264.7 cells. Further, the apoptosis confirmed that established Hydrogel/Se-Ru decreased the LPS-induced cell death. When the blended Hydrogel/Se-Ru group was injected into MI SD rat, in vivo studies revealed enhanced cardiac function over improved LV wall thickness and significantly reduced infarct size compared to the MI group. The outcomes established that the developed injectable hydrogels significantly impacted myocardial infarction recovery.