Developing a magnetic SERS nanosensor utilizing aminated Fe-Based MOF for ultrasensitive trace detection of organophosphorus pesticides in apple juice

The unreasonable use of organophosphorus pesticides leads to excessive pesticide residues in food, seriously threatening public health, and the potential of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) technology, incorporating a metal–organic framework, is substantial for the rapid detection of trace pesticide residues. Here, a novel Fe 3 O 4 @NH 2 -MIL-101(Fe)@Ag (FNMA) SERS nanosensor was developed. Results indicated that the FNMA had a high enhancement factor of 1.53 × 10 8 , a low limit of detection (LOD) of 4.55 × 10 −12 M, and a relative standard deviation of 7.73 % for 4-nitrothiophenol, demonstrating its good SERS sensitivity and uniformity, and also possessed good storage stability for one month. In quantifying fenthion and methyl parathion in standard solutions and apple juice in the range of 0.05/0.02–20 mg/L, it showed LODs of 3.02 × 10 −3 mg/L and 1.43 × 10 −3 mg/L, and 0.0407 and 0.0075 mg/L, respectively, demonstrating potentials in ultrasensitive trace detection of pesticides in food.