Dopamine and alkylated silica functionalized Janus gauze with fluid control capability for rapid hemostasis

Hemorrhage caused by trauma is a global public health issue. While traditional cotton gauze compression is commonly used for hemostasis, its efficacy is limited in severe hemorrhage cases. Herein, we developed a gauze with Janus wettability (JW-G). Its surface was sequentially dip-coated with hydrophilic polydopamine and then spray-coated with hydrophobic silicon dioxide nanoparticles. Benefiting from the asymmetric surface wettability, the obtained JW-G could control blood flow direction and permeation speed. JW-G's hydrophobic surface concentrates blood cells and facilitate faster clot formation in vitro. Meanwhile, the silicon dioxide nanoparticles could also activate coagulation factor XII. Therefore, the JW-G greatly accelerates the hemostasis. In vivo bleeding model further demonstrated JW-G's good performance in reducing bleeding time and blood loss compared with commercial hemostatic gauze. The present strategy to develop hemostatic gauze offers a promising solution for reversing the adverse outcomes of severe traumatic hemorrhage.