Dual-Carbon-Source electrospinning for hierarchical NiS/Carbon fibers composites with Vine-Like Morphology toward enhanced lithium storage

In this work, we successfully fabricated a carbon fiber-based composite material with a unique vine-like structure using a straightforward electrospinning method that employed dual-carbon-source and a self-catalysis approach. Graphene oxide was incorporated into the spinning matrix, and nickel was used as a catalyst during high-temperature calcination, facilitating the growth of secondary carbon fibers on primary carbon fibers and forming the vine-like structure. This novel hierarchical structure improved the interfacial bonding between carbon fibers, resulting in enhanced conductivity, improved interaction with the electrolyte, reduced lithium-ion diffusion distance, and superior lithium storage performance. The optimized composite material demonstrated excellent lithium storage capabilities, maintaining a specific capacity of 488.5 mAh/g after 400 cycles at a current density of 1 A/g. This work provides a valuable reference for the design of transition metal sulfides with improved lithium storage performance.