Enhancing the photoelectrochemical performance of CuFeO2 photocathode through copper foam substrate with integrating trap light and conductivity

This investigation sought to improve the photoelectrochemical performance of CuFeO 2 -based photocathodes by integrating copper foam (CF) substrate to leverage enhanced light trapping and electrical conductivity. CuFeO 2 powders, synthesized via a hydrothermal method, were deposited onto various substrates including fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO), smooth copper foil, rough copper foil, and CF, to construct the photocathodes. The CF substrate, characterized by its rough surface and three-dimensional porous architecture, demonstrated a superior capacity for light trapping, substantially augmenting light absorption efficiency. Concurrently, the inherent conductivity of copper facilitated improved carrier collection and transfer rates. Consequently, the CF/CuFeO 2 photocathode achieved the highest carrier concentration and the most rapid interfacial electron transport rate among the tested configurations. This resulted in the CF/CuFeO 2 photocathode achieving the highest photocurrent density, approximately 3.64 μA/cm 2 , which represents a tenfold increase compared to the FTO/CuFeO 2 photocathode. Furthermore, the CF/CuFeO 2 photocathode showcased notable mechanical and chemical stability, underscoring its potential for enhanced photoelectrochemical applications.