Enzymatic Degrading Chlorophenol Wastewater by Mixed Strains of Immobilized White Rot Fungi

To address chlorophenol wastewater pollution, immobilized mixed white rot fungi (WRF) strain microsphere was designed as a solid degradation agent. This agent uses lignin peroxidase ( LiP ), manganese peroxidase ( MnP ), and laccase ( Lac ) to degrade the wastewater. Considering the diverse physical and chemical properties of the fungal microsphere, the immobilization agent formula is optimized, and comprehensive environmental factor design response surface analysis are implemented to determine the optimal delivery conditions. Consequently, the 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) treatment rate and extracellular enzyme activity for a 1:1 encapsulation of T. versicolor and P. sajor-caju significantly outperform those of individual strains. The degradation efficiency reached 85.81%, with Lac activity reaching 31.2   U/mL and LiP activity reaching 29.8   U/mL. Using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), sodium alginate (SA), and biochar as carriers, and sodium dihydrogen phosphate solution as crosslinker, with SiO 2 /zeolite as additives, the immobilized mixed fungi yielded a high-quality solid agent. This achieved a 99.33% 2,4-DCP degradation rate over 96   hours, with optimal dosage, pH, and initial 2,4-DCP concentration at 11.5   g/L, 5.5, and 40   mg/L, respectively. The degradation of 2,4-DCP by WRF selectively removes adjacent chlorine atoms to produce 4-CP, enhancing the dechlorination efficiency.