Fabrication of Cs0.33WO3@TiO2 heterostructure with enhanced light modulation for energy saving coating

Energy-saving materials have vast application prospects in the field of construction. The development of energy-efficient and smart glass is crucial for reducing building energy consumption and improvin g human living environment. In this study, We developed a novel composite material with a Cs 0.33 WO 3 @TiO 2 core-shell structure, where TiO 2 is precisely deposited on the surface of Cs 0.33 WO 3 . The incorporation of TiO 2 into Cs 0.33 WO 3 enhances visible light transmittance and significantly improves near-infrared (NIR) absorption by forming a protective core-shell structure. This structure shields Cs 0.33 WO 3 from environmental degradation while also promoting efficient charge transfer, thereby modifying its electronic properties and further boosting NIR absorption. Additionally, TiO 2 strengthens the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of Cs 0.33 WO 3 , amplifying its overall NIR absorption capacity. Cs 0.33 WO 3 attracts electrons from TiO 2 , allowing more W 6+ to be reduced to W 5+ and enhancing the transparent heat insulation performance by a factor of 4.5. Meanwhile, the core-shell heterojunction of S-scheme narrows the band gap of TiO 2 and accelerates the charge separation and transfer, retaining more active photogenerated carriers to participate in the surface redox reaction and exhibiting a 11-fold increase in the photocatalytic rate. Furthermore, a superhydrophilicity property of the composite is achieved at a contact angle of 4.5°, demonstrating strong potential for self-cleaning application. The design and fabrication of this composite material with multifaceted functions offer valuable insights for practical applications in energy-saving coating films, contributing to low-carbon development.