Facile hydrothermal synthesis of ZnFe2O4@ZnO@RGO ternary nanocomposite photocatalysts with superior photocatalytic activity

New ternary nanocomposites for photocatalysis, composed of ZnFe 2 O 4 @ZnO@rGO, were synthesised in this work using a straightforward hydrothermal method. After characterising the samples' structures, morphologies, and photoelectric outcomes, researchers found that 25–30 nm ZnFe 2 O 4 @ZnO nanoparticles were securely attached to the surface of the rGO sheets' fibres. The photocatalytic activity in the deterioration of rhodamine B (RhB) was much enhanced by the ZnFe 2 O 4 @ZnO@rGO composite photocatalysts when compared to ZnO, ZnFe 2 O 4 , and ZnFe 2 O 4 @ZnO. With a degradation efficiency of 99.9% for RhB and 88.7% for MB after 60 min of ultraviolet (UV) radiation, the ZnFe 2 O 4 @ZnO@rGO composite photocatalyst stood out as the most active photocatalyst. In addition, this nanocomposite exhibited excellent adaptability for use in water treatment, since it could be magnetised apart and maintained a dye removal percentage of about 100% after eight cycles. Analysis of the photodynamic response and TRPL spectra further verified that the manufactured ternary composite had improved charge transfer efficiency. The synergy of multicomponent ternary nanocomposites may have contributed to the enhanced performance by increasing absorption capacities automatically, discouraging the reconsolidation of electron–hole couples, and inducing the photodeveloped separation of proteins.