Graphene oxide supported MOFs-nanofiber carbon aerogel/SPCE for simultaneous detection of Cd2+ and Pb2+ in seafood

A novel electrochemical sensor for detecting heavy metal ions in seafood was developed to address food safety concerns. The sensor integrates graphene oxide into NH 2 -UiO-66 loaded nanofiber carbon aerogel, enhanced its three-dimensional conductive network and effective active surface area (0.34 cm 2 ), which improved ion enrichment and oxidation-reduction reaction rates. Using the Box-Behnken design, the sensor was optimized to detect cadmium and lead with LODs of 0.16 μg·L −1 and 0.07 μg·L −1 in the 1 to 150 μg·L −1 linear range. Applied to real seafood samples, the sensor showed results consistent with ICP-OES, confirmed its reliability in complex substrates. This approach offered a promising, low-cost solution for real-time monitoring of heavy metal contamination in seafood, ensuring public food safety.