Heterogeneous interface engineering of SiBCN/Ni fibers extends enhanced electromagnetic wave absorption properties

Faced with severe electromagnetic wave (EMW) pollution, the development of high-performance EMW absorbers remains a formidable challenge. In this study, SiBCN/Ni fibers containing uniformly dispersed Ni 2 Si nanoparticles were synthesized by electrospinning method with polymer-derived ceramics method, and their electromagnetic properties were evaluated. The low permeability threshold of the fibers ensures sufficient conduction loss effect. The in situ grown Ni 2 Si nanoparticles provide a magnetically coupled network, which is more conducive to obtaining excellent impedance matching. Furthermore, the presence of β-SiC, SiO 2 , and Si 2 N 2 O generates numerous heterogeneous interfaces (e.g., C-SiC and C-Ni 2 Si), leading to enhanced interfacial polarization through the accumulation of charges. As a result, the prepared SiBCN/Ni fibers exhibit impressive EMW absorption properties . At a Ni content of 1 wt%, the effective absorption band (EAB) is 4.32 GHz (13.68–18 GHz). At a Ni content of 1.5 wt%, the minimum reflection loss (RL min ) is −52.98 dB, and the sample has excellent radar scattering capabilities, which is verified by CST Microwave Studio simulations. Therefore, SiBCN/Ni fibers are promising as excellent EMW absorbing materials in practical applications.