Highly efficient extraction and analysis of Schisandra chinensis lignans via magnetic multivariate metal-organic framework with a porous polymer coating

Lignans from Schisandra chinensis have strong anti-hepatotoxic, antioxidant, and anti-tumor properties. Herein, a multivariate metal-organic framework (MTV-MOF) was synthesized with biphenyl dicarboxylic acid, 3,5-diaminobenzoic acid (DABA), and aluminum-based metal salts, introduced 1,8-dihydroxynaphthalene (AM) as a porous coating, constructed a new magnetic material (Fe 3 O 4 @DUT-5-DABA@AM) and utilized in magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) as potent adsorbents to adsorb Schizandrol A, Schizandrol B, Schisantherin A, Schisandrin A, and Schizandrin B, five lignans. Prepared materials were characterized using FT-IR, XRD, TEM, SEM, VSM, zeta and nitrogen adsorption-desorption analyses. At the same time, their adsorption kinetics and isothermal adsorption lines were also evaluated. Due to electrostatic interactions, π stacking interactions, and hydrogen bonding, the composite exhibited excellent extraction capability for lignans. In conjunction with HPLC-MS, the MSPE approach demonstrated promising linearity (R 2 ≥ 0.9992) and low detection limits (0.024–0.2 μg·kg −1 ) for lignans under optimal circumstances. The approach efficaciously quantified lignans in S. chinensis extract, attaining recoveries of 93.4–116.6 % with relative standard deviations ≤ 6.3 %. Compared with traditional methods, the magnetic separation method proposed in this study is simple, economical, and practical with low solvent consumption, which has unique advantages in the analysis of natural active ingredients.