Morphology and chemical state tuning of Ce-MOF with enhanced haloperoxidase-like activity for antibacterial and antifouling performances

Biofilms attached to various surfaces can lead to significant adverse effects in multiple areas. Cerium metal-organic framework (Ce-MOF) can function as haloperoxidase; however, their initial activity is relatively low. This study proposes a post-treatment method to enhance their enzymatic activity through the oxidation of the initial Ce-MOF. The research elucidates the haloperoxidase activity and anti-biofilm properties of Ce-MOFs. The synthesized Ce-MOFs exhibit a nanorod structure. The oxidized Ce-MOFs demonstrate substantial haloperoxidase activity, even in an alkaline environment. Both the initial and oxidized Ce-MOFs demonstrate exceptional antibacterial properties, with a concentration of 50 mg/L effectively eliminating bacteria within 30 min. The oxidized Ce-MOFs benefit from improved haloperoxidase activity, resulting in a significantly enhanced ability to inhibit biofilm formation and, consequently, improved anti-biofilm performance. This research offers methods for regulating the haloperoxidase activity of Ce-MOFs for marine antifouling applications.