Nonflammable Electrolyte Enables High-Performance Phosphorus Anode for High-Safety Lithium-Ion Battery

With the rapid evolution of electric vehicles, there is a growing demand for batteries with high energy and safety. Among various options, the LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 (LNMO)/phosphorus battery has emerged as one of the most promising candidates due to its appropriate lithiation potential and remarkable specific capacity. However, challenges related to high-voltage, polyphosphate dissolution, and phosphorus combustion safety issues persist in this system. Herein, we design a nonflammable electrolyte with a wide electrochemical window of over 5.8 V. It successfully mitigates the shuttling effect observed in phosphorus anodes, resulting in an impressive capacity retention of 80% over 600 cycles. The LNMO||P/C full cell delivers a stable capacity of 97.5 mAh g–1 over 200 cycles with an exceptional energy density of 350 Wh kg–1. These findings mark a significant step forward in the development of high-safety and high-performance phosphorus anode batteries, opening up exciting possibilities for their application in electric vehicles and beyond.