Peach gum polysaccharide protects intestinal barrier function, reduces inflammation and oxidative stress, and alleviates pulmonary inflammation induced by Enterococcus faecium E745

Peach gum polysaccharide (PGP) is a natural compound known for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. This study aimed to investigate the potential protective effect of PGP against Enterococcus faecium E745-induced pneumonia and elucidate its underlying mechanism. It demonstrated that PGP exert antioxidant effects by activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway, as evidenced by the normalization of MDA, SOD and GSH levels. Notably, PGP inhibited the NF-κB signaling pathway, reduced IL-6 and TNF-α levels in serum, colon and lung, and enhanced the expression of tight junction proteins. In addition, PGP affected the synthesis of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), especially increased the content of propionate and butyrate. These results suggest that PGP alleviates pneumonia by restoring the integrity of the intestinal barrier, increasing the production of SCFAs, reducing the inflammatory response and oxidative stress. In conclusion, our study provides valuable insights into the potential application of PGP in the treatment of inflammatory diseases.