Rapid and high-throughput synthesis of diverse MOFs with centrifuge tube grinding strategy

Green and economical synthetic approaches for metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and incorporating multiple functionalities into MOF matrixes are of great interest for wide applications. Herein, we developed a rapid, high-throughput and universal centrifuge tube grinding (CTG) synthetic strategy for the synthesis of a series of popular MOFs in centrifuge tubes. Significantly, a variety of catalytic and optically active organic, biological and complex molecules were incorporated into the in situ formed defects of MOF skeletons by one-pot CTG synthesis to achieve various novel MOF-encapsulated composite materials. Types of MOFs as well as different composites can be rapidly and greenly synthesized simultaneously in centrifuge tubes with different sizes on a single vortex mixer even on a gram scale. Our strategy provides a facile route for the incorporation of multiple functionalities, especially large active molecules, into MOFs and for greenly affording various MOF-based materials towards various applications in diverse areas.