Reversible dual-responsive color-changing fabric based on thermochromic microcapsules for textile fashion and intelligent monitoring

Temperature/humidity dual-responsive fabrics, which can change color when exposed to heat and moisture separately or simultaneously, demonstrate excellent reversibility of color-changing. Herein, thermochromic microcapsules were synthesized and mixed with humidity-sensitive discoloration materials to create dual-responsive fabrics using screen printing technology. As the temperature rises from 30 to 80 °C, the fabric shifts from green to magenta. Similarly, as relative humidity drops from 100 % to 0 %, the fabric transitions from green to purple. The color of the fabric changes in a certain gradient by heat and moisture simultaneously. The fabric showcases a dependable, reversible color change, broadening the spectrum of visual possibilities. After enduring 30 rubs and 30 washes, the fabric's color difference value only slightly decreased, affirming its durability. Compared to untreated fabrics, dual-responsive fabrics exhibit remarkable flexibility and breathability. Therefore, this smart fabric was utilized to create fashionable garments, showcasing its visual effects across various temperatures. Simulations further examined its potential applications in monitoring human skin and equipment temperature, detecting humidity levels in storage, and information encryption. With its versatile properties, this intelligent fabric holds highly desirable properties for applications in textile fashion, environmental monitoring, and healthcare.