Synthesis of magnetically recyclable cauliflower-like sonocatalyst yttrium doped ZrO2 and sonocatalytic degradation of organic dye

A magnetically recyclable cauliflower-like yttrium-doped ZrO 2 was successfully prepared via the template method. The phase and morphology of the synthesized sonocatalyst were characterized by XRD, SEM and TEM. The optical properties of the synthesized sonocatalyst were analysed by XPS, DRS and PL. The results showed that when the amount of sonocatalyst Er:YAG/(Fe 3 O 4 @Y-ZrO 2 ) was 1 g/L and the concentration of methylene blue (MB) was 5 mg/L under ultrasonic irradiation for 150 min, the synthesized sonocatalyst showed excellent sonocatalytic activity, and the degradation ratio of MB was up to 91.4 %. In addition, after 5 repeated experiments, Er:YAG/(Fe 3 O 4 @Y-ZrO 2 ) showed similar sonocatalytic activities, indicating that the synthesized sonocatalysts have excellent structural stability and recyclability. Through a comprehensive analysis of experimental results and discussions, this paper elucidates insights into enhancing sonocatalytic degradation efficiency caused by Er:YAG/(Fe 3 O 4 @Y-ZrO 2 ) and proposes potential mechanisms underlying sonocatalytic degradation of MB, thereby contributing to the development of effective strategies for sonocatalytic degradation of organic dye.